[159] Tirupur is the country's largest exporter of knitwear. The centenary old Pamban Bridge over sea connecting Rameswaram in Pamban island to the mainland is an engineering marvel. The M. A. Chidambaram Stadium in Chennai is an international cricket ground with a capacity of 50,000 and houses the Tamil Nadu Cricket Association. [170], Electronics manufacturing is a growing industry in Tamil Nadu, with many international companies like Nokia, Flex, Motorola, Sony-Ericsson, Foxconn, Samsung, Cisco, Moser Baer, Lenovo, Dell, Sanmina-SCI, Bosch, Texas Instruments having chosen Chennai as their South Asian manufacturing hub. 1.10 per cent of the population belonged to Scheduled tribes (ST) Other Backward Classes (OBCs) form 68% of Tamil nadu population. [194], Tamil Nadu has the third largest installed power generation capacity in the country. Most early Tamil literary works are in verse form, with prose not becoming more common until later periods. Dheeran Chinnamalai (1756–1805), Polygar chieftain of Kongu and ally of Tipu Sultan who fought the British in the Second Polygar War. Ennore Port handles all the coal and ore traffic in Tamil Nadu. In 1578, the Portuguese published a Tamil book in old Tamil script named 'Thambiraan Vanakkam', thus making Tamil the first Indian language to be printed and published. [173] Coimbatore is the second largest software producer in the state, next to Chennai.[174]. The Tamil Nadu Directorate of Government Examinations on Wednesday declared the TN SSLC class 10 results on official website tnresults.nic.in. Over 11% of the S&P CNX 500 conglomerates have corporate offices in Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) India 2015-16 Tamil Nadu National Family Health Survey 2015-16 International Institute for Population Sciences Deonar, Mumbai 400 088 Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Technical assistance for NFHS-4 was provided by the USAID-supported DHS Program at ICF, and assistance for Alanganallur is famous for its Jallikattu[117][118] contest usually held on the third day of Pongal. In 1969, Madras State was renamed Tamil Nadu, meaning "Tamil country".[52]. [76][77] Chennai is also the sixth-most populous city in India according to the 2011 Indian census. [182] The major road junctions are Chennai, Vellore, Madurai, Trichy, Coimbatore, Tiruppur, Salem, Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi, Karur, Kumbakonam, Krishnagiri, Dindigul and Kanniyakumari. [17] About 60 per cent of the total epigraphical inscriptions found by the ASI in India are from Tamil Nadu, and most of these are in the Tamil language. Rajaraja Chola I and his son Rajendra Chola built temples such as the Brihadeshvara Temple of Thanjavur and Brihadeshvara Temple of Gangaikonda Cholapuram, the Airavatesvara Temple of Darasuram and the Sarabeswara (Shiva) Temple, also called the Kampahareswarar Temple at Thirubhuvanam, the last two temples being located near Kumbakonam. Religion Data. The British and French were competing to expand the trade in the northern parts of Tamil Nadu which also witnessed many battles like Battle of Wandiwash as part of the Seven Years' War. The per capita income at the current price is ₹72,993. The chieftains of these Palayams were known as Palaiyakkarar (or 'polygar' as called by British) and were ruling under the nawabs of the Carnatic. The total number of Tamil Hindus as per 2011 Indian census is 63,188,168 which forms 87.58% of the total popualation of Tamil Nadu. Namakkal is also one of the major centres of egg production in India. [132] The first private Tamil channel, Sun TV was founded in 1993 by Kalanidhi Maran. The religious history of Tamil Nadu is influenced by Hinduism quite notably during the medieval century. Hinduism in Tamil Nadu finds its earliest literary mention in the Sangam literature dated to the 5th century BCE. [198] Tamil Nadu ranks first nationwide in diesel-based thermal electricity generation with a national market share of over 34 per cent. Chennai has a well-established suburban railway network and is constructing a Chennai Metro with phase1 operational since July 2015. Tamil Nadu has seen major investments in the automobile industry over many decades manufacturing cars, railway coaches, battle-tanks, tractors, motorcycles, automobile spare parts and accessories, tyres and heavy vehicles. [197] The total installed capacity of electricity in the state by January 2014 was 20,716 MW. Tamil Nadu had a bicameral legislature until 1986, when it was replaced with a unicameral legislature, like most other states in India. Nirupama Vaidyanathan, the first Indian women to play in a grand slam tournament also hails from the state. In Tamil Nadu, the television industry is influenced by politics and majority of the channels are owned by politicians or people with political links. It has now been converted into a joint venture of the governments of India and of Tamil Nadu with equal equity holding. One of the basic limitations for improvement in education in the state is the rate of absence of teachers in public schools, which at 21.4 per cent is significant. The Tuticorin Thermal Power Station has five 210 megawatt generators. [131], There are more than 30 television channels of various genres in Tamil. As per the 2011 Census of India, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 20.01 percent and 1.10 percent of Tamil Nadu's 72 million population. This includes 1,559 species of medicinal plants, 533 endemic species, 260 species of wild relatives of cultivated plants and 230 red-listed species. Tamil Nadu Among States With Lowest Pass Percentage In NEET 2018 45336 (39.55%) candidates have cleared the prestigious NEET exam in Tamil Nadu, this year. Members of his congregation alleged he had been murdered, and that he had been a victim of ... Muslims 14.2 percent, Christians 2.3 percent, and Sikhs 1.7 percent. As a breakaway faction of the DMK. [204] The traditional sports of Tamil Nadu include Silambam,[205] a Tamil martial arts played with a long bamboo staff, cockfight, Jallikattu,[206] a bull taming sport famous on festival occasions, ox-wagon racing known as Rekkala,[207][205] kite flying also known as Pattam viduthal,[206] Goli, the game with marbles,[206] Aadu Puli, the "goat and tiger" game[206] and Kabaddi also known as Sadugudu. Some of the notable educational institutes present in Tamil Nadu are Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Anna University, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, College of Engineering, Guindy, Madras Institute of Technology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, Indian Institute of Management Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University, Tamil Nadu National Law University, Government Law College, Coimbatore, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Madras Medical College, Stanley Medical College, Madras Veterinary College, University of Madras, Vellore Institute of Technology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore Medical College and Institute of Road and Transport Technology. [49] The revolt, which took place in Vellore, was brief, lasting one full day, but brutal as mutineers broke into the Vellore fort and killed or wounded 200 British troops, before they were subdued by reinforcements from nearby Arcot. [50][51] The British crown took over the control governance from the company and the remainder of the 19th century did not witness any native resistance until the beginning of 20th century Indian Independence movements. Also Read: Check Out the NEET 2018 State-Wise Merit List Here Chennai has emerged as the "SaaS Capital of India"[175][176][177][178]. The state has two distinct periods of rainfall: The annual rainfall of the state is about 945 mm (37.2 in) of which 48 per cent is through the northeast monsoon, and 32 per cent through the southwest monsoon. Do you want to know which caste is powerful in tamilnadu and all major caste, religion percentage, future population and all other statistics? [152], Dr. M.S. He wrote: ‘There is no archaeological evidence of a southward migration through the Deccan after the end of the urban phase of the Indus Valley Civilisation The only actual evidence of movements at that period is of Late Harappans migrating towards the Ganges plains and towards Gujarat... Migration apart, there is a complete absence of Harappan artefacts and features south of the Vindhyas: no Harappan designs on pottery, no Harappan seals, crafts and ornaments, no trace of Harappan urbanism… Cultural continuity from Harappan to historical times has been increasingly documented in North India, but not in the South… This means, in effect, that the south-bound Late Harappans would have reverted from an advanced urban bronze-age culture to a Neolithic one! [citation needed], The officially recorded sex ratio is 996 females per 1000 males, which is well above the national average. They had extensive trade links with the southeast Asian maritime empires of Srivijaya and their successors, as well as contacts, even formal diplomatic contacts, reaching as far as the Roman Empire. A large part of the government records like land ownership records are digitised and all major offices of the state government like Urban Local Bodies – all the corporations and municipal office activities – revenue collection, land registration offices, and transport offices have been computerised. The region was ruled by several empires, including the three great empires – Chera, Chola and Pandyan empires, which shape the region's cuisine, culture, and architecture. Tamil Nadu's coastline bore the brunt of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami when it hit India, which caused 7,793 direct deaths in the state. Tamil Nadu now has 69 per cent reservation in educational institutions for socially backward sections of society, the highest among all Indian states. Department of Economics and Statistics, Government of Tamil Nadu, 259, Anna Salai, Chennai - 600 006, Tamil Nadu, India Phone : 91- 44 - 2951 0324 Fax: 91 - 44 - 2951 0325 E-mail: [email protected]. The data for 2019 & 2020 is under process and will be updated in few weeks. The Other Backward Classes (OBCs) formed 68% of the state's population.The remaining population of 10.89% is forward community. The state has registered the lowest fertility rate in India in the year 2005–06 with 1.7 children born for each woman, lower than required for population sustainability. [133] The government of Tamil Nadu distributed free televisions to families in 2006 at an estimated cost ₹3.6 billion (US$50 million) of which has led to high penetration of TV services. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian subcontinent and is bordered by the union territory of Puducherry and the South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. 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